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Grounding Resistance Calculator
IEEE 80 / IEC 62305 Compliant
Grounding resistance calculator for different electrode types
Rod Electrode
Horizontal Strip
Ring Electrode
Grid/Mesh
Parallel Electrodes
Rod Electrode Resistance Calculation
Calculates the resistance of a single rod electrode driven vertically into the ground.
R = (ρ / 2πL) × ln(4L/d)
Soil Resistivity
Wet Clay
10-40 Ω·m
Dry Clay
40-100 Ω·m
Wet Sand
50-200 Ω·m
Dry Sand
200-500 Ω·m
Gravel
500-2000 Ω·m
Rock
1000-5000 Ω·m
Concrete
30-90 Ω·m
Manual Entry
-
Ω·m
meter
meter
Calculation Results
Soil Resistivity
-
Ω·m
Length
-
m
Diameter
-
m
Grounding Resistance
- Ω
-
Horizontal Strip/Plate Electrode Calculation
Calculates the resistance of a horizontal strip or plate electrode buried in the ground.
R = (ρ / πL) × ln(2L² / wh)
Soil Resistivity
Wet Clay
10-40 Ω·m
Dry Clay
40-100 Ω·m
Wet Sand
50-200 Ω·m
Dry Sand
200-500 Ω·m
Gravel
500-2000 Ω·m
Rock
1000-5000 Ω·m
Concrete
30-90 Ω·m
Manual Entry
-
Ω·m
meter
meter
meter
Calculation Results
Soil Resistivity
-
Ω·m
Strip Length
-
m
Strip Width
-
m
Burial Depth
-
m
Grounding Resistance
- Ω
-
Ring Electrode Calculation
Calculates the resistance of a circular ring electrode buried around a structure.
R = (ρ / 2π²r) × ln(8r/d)
Soil Resistivity
Wet Clay
10-40 Ω·m
Dry Clay
40-100 Ω·m
Wet Sand
50-200 Ω·m
Dry Sand
200-500 Ω·m
Gravel
500-2000 Ω·m
Rock
1000-5000 Ω·m
Concrete
30-90 Ω·m
Manual Entry
-
Ω·m
meter
meter
Calculation Results
Soil Resistivity
-
Ω·m
Ring Radius
-
m
Conductor Diameter
-
m
Grounding Resistance
- Ω
-
Grounding Grid (Mesh) Calculation
Calculates the grounding grid system resistance according to IEEE 80 standard.
R = ρ × [1/L + 1/√(20A) × (1 + 1/(1+h×√(20/A)))]
Soil Resistivity
Wet Clay
10-40 Ω·m
Dry Clay
40-100 Ω·m
Wet Sand
50-200 Ω·m
Dry Sand
200-500 Ω·m
Gravel
500-2000 Ω·m
Rock
1000-5000 Ω·m
Concrete
30-90 Ω·m
Manual Entry
-
Ω·m
m²
meter
meter
Calculation Results
Soil Resistivity
-
Ω·m
Grid Area
-
m²
Total Conductor
-
m
Burial Depth
-
m
Grounding Resistance
- Ω
-
Parallel Electrodes Calculation
Calculates the total resistance of multiple rod electrodes connected in parallel.
Rtotal = Rsingle × η / n
Soil Resistivity
Wet Clay
10-40 Ω·m
Dry Clay
40-100 Ω·m
Wet Sand
50-200 Ω·m
Dry Sand
200-500 Ω·m
Gravel
500-2000 Ω·m
Rock
1000-5000 Ω·m
Concrete
30-90 Ω·m
Manual Entry
-
Ω·m
meter
meter
pcs
meter
Calculation Results
Single Resistance
-
Ω
Electrode Count
-
pcs
Utilization Factor (η)
-
%
Total Grounding Resistance
- Ω
-
Utilization Factor (η) Table
The efficiency of parallel electrodes depends on the number of electrodes and spacing.
| Spacing/Length (s/L) | n=2 | n=3 | n=4 | n=5 | n=6 | n=10 | n=20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s/L = 1 | 1.16 | 1.29 | 1.36 | 1.40 | 1.45 | 1.56 | 1.68 |
| s/L = 2 | 1.10 | 1.17 | 1.21 | 1.25 | 1.28 | 1.35 | 1.45 |
| s/L = 3 | 1.06 | 1.10 | 1.13 | 1.15 | 1.17 | 1.22 | 1.29 |
Maximum Grounding Resistance by Application
| Application | Max. Resistance | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Lightning Protection | ≤ 10 Ω | IEC 62305 / TS EN 62305 |
| Low Voltage Systems | ≤ 4 Ω | IEC 60364 / HD 60364 |
| Telecommunications | ≤ 5 Ω | ITU-T K.27 |
| Substations | ≤ 1 Ω | IEEE 80 |
| Industrial Facilities | ≤ 2 Ω | NFPA 70 |
